今天要做的是關於計時器(Timer)的喔~!
首先一樣先去下載glut open的東西
然後把Idle改掉，稍微延遲一秒
那些圖案就會延遲一秒才開始轉動喔~!
程式碼
///第137行開始
void timer(int t)
{
glutTimerFunc(33,timer,t+1);
///angle++;
glutPostRedisplay();
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitWindowSize(640,480);
glutInitWindowPosition(10,10);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_DEPTH);
glutCreateWindow("GLUT Shapes");
glutReshapeFunc(resize);
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutKeyboardFunc(key);
///glutIdleFinc(idle);有空的時候才做，不準時
glutTimerFunc(1000,timer,0);///等1秒
接下來是老師辛辛苦苦做好的程式碼，為了讓我們理解東西如何轉動
要去下載
接下來解壓縮資料夾，點選這個
去fb社團把老師辛苦打好的程式碼複製下來，注意不要翻譯它
程式碼
//2020-04-22 我想做可 Visualize T-R-T 觀念的工具
// Left: 400x400 OpenGL drawing area, 限制最多畫6個彩色物件,以免畫面凌亂
// Right: OpenGL coding area
//2020-04-23 實作trello-like的board移動
//2020-04-22 Idea: 突然想到,可嘗試做 電腦圖學之父 Ivan Sutherland 的 sketchpad
//2020-04-22 Idea: 用 Processing寫出 Text Editor,
// 可scroll可縮放文字, 方便秀程式碼、方便調順序、方便改參數
//Q: Code Board在drag時, Object會突然從半透明變成不透明, 很奇怪, 要查 myDrawNew()
class Board {
String code;
int x=0, y=0;//position位置
int w=100;//textWidth(code)寬度
int h=40;//text height + 20, ex. textSize(32)則用 40 高度
boolean bMoving=false;//是否正被mouseDragged拖曳中
boolean bChoosing=false;
int ancherX, ancherY;//用來換算mouseDragged時,按下去的ancher點,主要使用 ancherY
float tx=0,ty=0,tz=0;
int id=0;//myDrawObject(id)
boolean bLower=false;//如果是要被擠下去的板子,就設定 bLower
int glType=0;//0:glPushMatrix(), 1:glPopMatrix(), 2:glTranslatef(), 3:glScalef(), 4:myDrawObject(), 5:glPopMatrix()
Board(String _code, int _glType, int _x, int _y){
glType = _glType;
code=new String(_code);
x=_x;
y=_y;
w=int(textWidth(code));
}
Board(String _code, int _x, int _y) {
code=new String(_code);
x=_x;
y=_y;
w=int(textWidth(code));
}
Board() {
code=new String();
}
Board(Board sample) {
code=new String(sample.code);
x=sample.x;
y=sample.y;
w=sample.w;
h=sample.h;
bMoving=sample.bMoving;
ancherX=sample.ancherX;
ancherY=sample.ancherY;
}
boolean insideBoard(int px, int py) {//test if (px,py) inside the board
if ( x<=px && px<=x+w && y<=py && py<y+h ) return true;//最後1個<=等號刪掉,以免多選
return false;
}
boolean insideRange(int px, int py){
if( x<=px && px<=x+300 && y<=py && py<y+h ) return true;//最後1個<=等號刪掉,以免多選
return false;
}
void draw() {
if (bChoosing) {
pushMatrix();
translate(x+w/2, y+h/2);
if(bMoving) rotateZ(radians(-5));//在拖曳移板子時,稍斜-5度,會可愛一些
fill(255, 0, 0, 60);
stroke(0);
rect(-w/2, -h/2, w, h);
fill(0);
text(code, -w/2, -h/2);
popMatrix();
} else {
int dy=0;
if(bLower) dy=h;
noFill();
stroke(0);
rect(x, y+dy, textWidth(code), 40);
fill(0);
text(code, x, y+dy);
}
}
void updateCode(){
if(glType==1){
code = "glTranslate("+nf(tx,1,2)+","+nf(-ty,1,2)+");";
}
}
}
String []code={"glPushMatrix", "glTranslate", "glRotatef", "glScalef;", "myDrawObj();", "glPopMatrix"};
ArrayList<Board> currentCode;
Board movingBoard=null;
ArrayList<PVector> curve=null;
ArrayList<ArrayList<PVector>> all;
color [] objC={#FF3700, #FFAF00, #FFF700, #2DFF00, #009FFF, #FF00EF};
int [] bornAngle=new int[6];
int topC=0;
int rotAngle=0;
boolean bKeepRotating=false;
void setup() {
size(900, 400, P3D);
textSize(32);
textAlign(LEFT, TOP);
all = new ArrayList<ArrayList<PVector>>();
currentCode = new ArrayList<Board>();
int i=0;
currentCode.add( new Board("glPushMatrix();", 0, 420, 50+40*i++) );
currentCode.add( new Board("glTranslatef(0,0,0);", 1, 440, 50+40*i++) );
currentCode.add( new Board("glRotatef(angle,0,0,1);", 2, 440, 50+40*i++) );
currentCode.add( new Board("glTranslatef(0,0,0);", 1, 440, 50+40*i++) );
currentCode.add( new Board("glPopMatrix();", 5, 420, 50+40*i++) );
}
void draw() {
background(255);
drawAxis(400, 400);
myDrawNew();//drawObjects();
drawCode();
if (bKeepRotating) rotAngle++;
fill(0);
if(rotAngle<10) text("angle= "+(rotAngle)%360, 730,0);
else if(rotAngle<100) text("angle= "+(rotAngle)%360, 730,0);
else text("angle="+(rotAngle)%360, 730,0);
noFill(); rect(750,350,textWidth("ToDraw"),50);
fill(255,0,0); text("ToDraw",750,350);
}
void drawCode() {
for (Board b : currentCode) {
b.draw();
}
if (movingBoard!=null) {
movingBoard.draw();
}
}
void drawAxis(int w, int h) {
fill(0);
rect(0, 0, w, h);
stroke(255);
fill(255);
line(0, h/2, w, h/2);
line(w, h/2, w-20, h/2-10);
line(w, h/2, w-20, h/2+10);
text("x", w-textWidth("x"), h/2);
line(w/2, 0, w/2, h);
line(w/2, 0, w/2+10, 20);
line(w/2, 0, w/2-10, 20);
text("y", w/2-textWidth("y"), 0);
text("0", w/2-textWidth("0"), h/2);
}
void myDrawNew(){
pushMatrix();
translate(200,200);//從左上角 放回Axis的中心
for(Board b : currentCode){
//0:glPushMatrix(), 1:glPopMatrix(), 2:glTranslatef(), 3:glScalef(), 4:myDrawObject(), 5:glPopMatrix()
if(b.glType==0) pushMatrix();
if(b.glType==1){ellipse(0,0,3,3); translate(b.tx*200, b.ty*200, b.tz*200);}
if(b.glType==2) rotateZ(radians(rotAngle));
//if(b.glType==3) scale(b.tx,b.ty,b.tz);
if(b.glType==4) myDrawObject(b.id);
if(b.glType==5) popMatrix();
}
if(movingBoard!=null){
myDrawObject(movingBoard.id);
}
popMatrix();
fill(255, 128);//這是正在畫的物件
strokeWeight(1);
if (curve!=null) {
beginShape();
for (PVector pt : curve) {
vertex(pt.x, pt.y);
}
endShape();
}
}
void myDrawObject(int obj){
if(obj >= all.size() ) return ;
ArrayList<PVector> one = all.get(obj);
fill(#ff0000); ellipse(0,0, 10,10);//畫出物件中心
fill(objC[obj], 200);
pushMatrix();
translate(-200,-200);//把東西放左上角的(0,0)位置
beginShape();
for(PVector pt : one){
vertex(pt.x, pt.y);
}
endShape(CLOSE);
popMatrix();
}
void drawObjects() {
strokeWeight(2);
for (int c=0; c<all.size(); c++) {//all.size() is always less than 6
ArrayList<PVector> one = all.get(c);
pushMatrix();
translate(200, 200);
rotateZ(radians(rotAngle-bornAngle[c]));//誕生後,才會加入轉動
translate(-200, -200);
fill(objC[c], 200);
beginShape();
for (PVector pt : one) {
vertex(pt.x, pt.y);
}
endShape(CLOSE);
popMatrix();
}
fill(255, 128);
strokeWeight(1);
if (curve!=null) {
beginShape();
for (PVector pt : curve) {
vertex(pt.x, pt.y);
}
endShape();
}
}
int nowState=0;//1: draw curve, 2: select code, 3: translate
Board candidate=null;
void mousePressed() {
candidate=null;
for(Board b : currentCode){
if(b.bChoosing==true){
candidate=b;
if(b.glType==1) nowState=3;//for translate
}
}//這裡要思考一下, 我打算當 bChoosing是translate時, 把dragged拿來增加translate的tx,ty
//這時候需要另一個dragged
for (int i=0; i<currentCode.size(); i++) {
Board now = currentCode.get(i);
now.bChoosing=false;
if ( now.insideBoard(mouseX, mouseY) && now.glType!=0 && now.glType!=5 ) {
nowState=2;
movingBoard = currentCode.get(i);
movingBoard.bMoving=true;
now.bChoosing=true;
movingBoard.ancherX=mouseX-movingBoard.x;
movingBoard.ancherY=mouseY-movingBoard.y;
for(int k=i+1; k<currentCode.size(); k++){
Board next = currentCode.get(k);
next.y -= next.h;
next.bLower=true;
}
currentCode.remove(i);
//break;
}
}
if (mouseX<400 & nowState==3){ } //這是要移動 candidate裡的tx,ty
else if (mouseX<400 & topC<6) nowState=1;//in the drawing area
if (nowState==1) {
curve = new ArrayList<PVector>();
}
}
void mouseDragged() {
if (nowState==3) {
candidate.tx += (mouseX-pmouseX)/200.0;
candidate.ty += (mouseY-pmouseY)/200.0;
candidate.updateCode();
}
if (nowState==1) {
curve.add(new PVector(mouseX, mouseY));
} else if (nowState==2) {
movingBoard.y += (mouseY-movingBoard.y-movingBoard.ancherY);
for(int i=0; i<currentCode.size(); i++){
Board b = currentCode.get(i);
b.bLower=false;
if(b.insideRange(mouseX,mouseY)){
for(int k=i; k<currentCode.size();k++){
currentCode.get(k).bLower=true;
}
break;
}
}
}
}
void mouseReleased() {
if (nowState==3) nowState=0;
if (nowState==1) {
all.add(curve);
curve=null;
nowState=0;
bornAngle[topC]=rotAngle;
Board obj = new Board("myDrawObject("+topC+");", 4, 440, 50);
obj.id=topC;
currentCode.add(0, obj);
for(int i=1; i<currentCode.size();i++){
Board b = currentCode.get(i);
b.y += b.h;
}
topC++;
} else if (nowState==2) {
for(int i=0;i<currentCode.size();i++){
Board b = currentCode.get(i);
if(b.insideRange(mouseX,mouseY)){
for(int k=i;k<currentCode.size();k++){
Board b2=currentCode.get(k);
b2.bLower=false;
b2.bChoosing=false;
b2.bMoving=false;
b2.y+=b2.h;
}
movingBoard.y=b.y-b.h;
movingBoard.bMoving=false;
currentCode.add(i, movingBoard);
movingBoard=null;
nowState=0;
break;
}//problem: 在放開時, movingBoard如果在下方,會有問題
}
if(nowState==2){//沒有放在任何一個board的位置,所以沒插在前面
Board last = currentCode.get(currentCode.size()-1);
movingBoard.y = last.y + last.h;
movingBoard.bMoving=false;
currentCode.add(movingBoard);
movingBoard=null;
nowState=0;
}
}
}
void keyPressed() {
if (key==' ') bKeepRotating = !bKeepRotating;
if (key=='1' && movingBoard==null) {
movingBoard=new Board("glPushMatrix();", mouseX, mouseY);
}
}
接下來執行，就可以畫圖囉~!
要注意要把畫好的程式碼放在Translate下面
然後要轉換成英文輸入法，按空白鍵就可以看到他轉囉~!
地球的要先載opencv
程式碼
#include <opencv/highgui.h> ///for cvLoadImage()
#include <opencv/cv.h> ///for cvCvtColor()
#include <GL/glut.h> ///3D glut
#include <stdio.h>
GLUquadric * quad;
GLuint id;
float angle=0;
void display()
{ glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); ///要啟動 Detph Test 深度值的測試,3D顯示才正確
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glPushMatrix();///自動轉很帥
glRotatef(90, 1,0,0);
glRotatef(angle, 0,0,1);///自動轉很帥
gluQuadricTexture(quad, 1);
gluSphere(quad, 1, 30, 30);///glutSolidTeapot(0.3);
glPopMatrix();///自動轉很帥
glFlush();
}
void timer(int t)
{ glutTimerFunc(20, timer, 0);/// 1000 msec 50fps:20msec
angle+=1;///自動轉很帥
glutPostRedisplay();
}
int myTexture(char *filename)
{
IplImage * img = cvLoadImage(filename); ///OpenCV讀圖
cvCvtColor(img,img, CV_BGR2RGB); ///OpenCV轉色彩 (需要cv.h)
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); ///1. 開啟貼圖功能
GLuint id; ///準備一個 unsigned int 整數, 叫 貼圖ID
glGenTextures(1, &id); /// 產生Generate 貼圖ID
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, id); ///綁定bind 貼圖ID
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT); /// 貼圖參數, 超過包裝的範圖T, 就重覆貼圖
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT); /// 貼圖參數, 超過包裝的範圖S, 就重覆貼圖
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); /// 貼圖參數, 放大時的內插, 用最近點
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); /// 貼圖參數, 縮小時的內插, 用最近點
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, img->width, img->height, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, img->imageData);
return id;
}
void myInit()
{ quad = gluNewQuadric();
id = myTexture("image.png");
}
int main(int argc, char**argv)
{ glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutCreateWindow("3D");
glutDisplayFunc(display); ///顯示
glutTimerFunc(0, timer, 0);
myInit(); ///我的 init 初始化 把貼圖準備好 前面OpenCV 2行, 後面 OpenGL 9行
glutMainLoop();
}
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